Dengue Fever ( Group 2 8D )

Group 2
Class VIII D
Members :

1. Ahmad Mirza Farhan
2. Arrauf Yusuf .B
3. Faiz Setia Rizcy .M
4. Niko Nugroho

Dengue Fever

1.       Definition

Dengue fever (DB) is an acute febrile disease caused by the dengue virus, which enters the human bloodstream through the bite of mosquitoes of the genus Aedes, such as Aedes aegypti or Aedes albopictus. There are four different types of dengue virus, but relate closely, which can cause dengue fever. Dengue virus is a virus of the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae. Of dengue fever are found in tropical and subtropical regions around the world, especially in the humid rainy season. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that each year there are 50-100 million cases of dengue infection worldwide.

2.       Symptomps

1.       Sudden high fever 2-7 days (38-40 degrees Celsius). This causes headaches in people.

2.       Fever without coughing., Abdominal pain or nausea. Body aching or pain in the joints.

3.       On examination torniquet test, it appears the larvae (puspura) bleeding.

4.       Is enlarged liver (Hepatomegaly).

5.       Blood pressure decreases, causing shock.

6.       In laboratory tests (blood) day to 3-7 a decline in platelets below 100,000  mm3 (thrombocytopenia), an increase in hematocrit values ​​above 20% of the normal value (hemoconcentration).

7.       The emergence of several clinical symptoms that accompany such as nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite (anorexia), abdominal pain, diarrhea, chills, cramps and headaches.

8.       Bleeding at the nose (nosebleeds) and gums.

9.       The fever felt sore sufferers causing complaints / pain in the joints.

10.   Emergence red spots on the skin caused by ruptured blood vessels.

3.       Incubation Period

Has a maximum incubation period of  3-15 days

4.       Duration of Sickness

Have a maximum duration of 7-14 days

5.       Healing Characteristics            

Patient's general condition improved, appetite recovered, hemodynamic (blood circulation) is stable and diuresis (urinary frequency) improved and will be back to normal. And at this time would be much better if the patient is given good nutrition to improve the situation as well as increased levels rather than platelet count.

6.       Preventive Actions
    

Environment

Prevention of dengue fever can be done by controlling the mosquito vector, among others, with the bathtub drain / water storage at least once a week, replace / drain vases and bird watering once a week, tightly closed water reservoirs, buried cans, used batteries and tires around the house, home design and improvement.

                Biological

Biologically, the vector mosquitoes carrying the dengue virus can be controlled using larvae-eating fish and bacteria.

                Chemical

Fumigation (fogging) can kill adult mosquitoes, while giving abate powder shelters in water to kill mosquito larvae. Moreover, it can also be used larvacide.

7.       Medications

               

Until now there is no specific cure for dengue fever. Many people who recover from the disease within a period of 2 weeks. Actions common treatments in patients with dengue fever is less severe body fluids (through drink or electrolyte) to prevent dehydration from fever and vomiting, consumption of medicines that contain acetaminophen (eg tilenol) to relieve pain and reduce fever and plenty of rest. Aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen and naproxen sodium can actually increase the risk of bleeding. For patients with more severe dengue, it is advisable to undergo inpatient care in hospitals, infusion and electrolytes to replace body fluids and blood transfusion because of bleeding that occurs.

Pangandaran Beach ( Group 1 8D )

Group 1
Class VIII D
Members :

1. Ahmad Mirza Farhan
2. Amelia Syahida
3. Fatiha Nuur Fath
4. Muhamad Taufiqul Umam

Pangandaran Beach

Location:
               
                Beautiful Pangandaran Beach is a mainstay attraction Ciamis district located east west Java, exactly in the Village District Pananjung Pangandaran Ciamis district of West Java Province. This beach was named the best beach on the island of Java, according to AsiaRooms. In addition to its beautiful beaches, Pangandaran beach also has some other features.
                

Pros :

1. Can see the sunrise and sunsets from the same place.
2. Sloping beaches with clear water and the distance between the ups and downs are relatively long to allow us to swim safely. 3. There are beaches with white sand.
4. Having a beach rescue.
5. The road is paved smooth environment with adequate street lighting.
6. There is a marine park with fish and fascinating marine life.
7. The landing of the Japanese army during World War II, therefore there still are some caves the Japanese army's defense used to be hideouts Japanese soldiers who intend to attack the Dutch army.

Facilities :

1. The parking lot is quite large.
2. Hotel, restaurant, inn, cottage variable rate.
3. Postal services, telecommunications and money changer.
4. Cinemas, discotheques.
5. Guides and Tourist Information Center. 

6. Caravan site. 
7. Pools rented bikes and tires.
8. Parasailing and jetski.

Hotel : 

1. Surya Kencana Seaside Hotel Pangandaran
2. Hotel Blue Sea
3. Pantai Indah Resort & Hotel Pangandaran
4. Sunrise Beach Pangandaran Hotel
5. Surya Charm Beach Hotel Pangandaran
6. PURI Rengganis
7. Mustika Ratu Hotel
8. Century Hotel

Disadvantages :

ACCESSIBILITY.  The road to Pangandaran from various cities in Java and roads to many sights almost entirely bad condition, broken and very uncomfortable. 

CLEANLINESS.  West Coast (Pananjung) which is the belle of the beach in Pangandaran conditions are very slovenly, dirty, full of trash and odors. East Coast is equally dirty, so the pleasures waiting for sunrise to be severely disrupted. This defilement seems to have become 'icon' for Pangandaran because tourism objects, almost all of the conditions are dirty and disgusting. Rinse and changing facilities are also very dirty and unkempt.

 DANGEROUS.
                Too many boats going back and forth on the West Coast (Pananjung) very disturbing enjoyment of water play, even dangerous. Why are these boats are not allocated separately from the tourists play. Even when Snorkling at White Sands as well, the boats back and forth and very dangerous to swimmers.

Website :

1. West coast (Pananjung),
2. White sand,
3. Forest Preserve,
4. East coast,
5. Beach Batu Hiu,
6. Beach Batu Karas,
7. Green Canyon,
8. Citumang,
9. Coral Coast Nini, and other locations.

Diarrhea ( Group 7 8D )

 8D

Group 7

Members:

- Benita Nur Fajriyah

- Jalu Hadi Kuncoro

- Nurul Dinan Hanifah

- Reza Oktavianingsih

DIARRHEA

Diarrhea is a disease in which the stool or feces turns into mushy or liquid that usually occurs at least three times in 24 hours.

Symptoms are usually found is defecate constantly accompanied by prolonged heartburn, dehydration, nausea and vomiting. But other symptoms that can arise include stiffness in the back, and belly rings often.

        The period from the entry of germs into the body until the onset of symptoms or the so-called incubation period varies depending on the types of germs cause. Shigella, for example, has an incubation period of 16 to 72 hours, while the incubation period ranges from 4 to 48 hours. while parasites generally have a longer incubation period, such as Giardia, for example, has an incubation period of between 1 to 3 weeks.

        Duration of sickness also depends on the types of germs cause. In mild diarrhea caused by viruses generally last for a few days in which children require only minor treatment such as rest and adequate fluid administration.

Recuperation characteristics are no longer feel upset stomach, heartburn and excessive defecation.

Because the hand is one part of the body most often in direct contact with other objects, then before eating is recommended to wash hands with soap. A Cochrane study found that the social movements and community organizations committed to hand washing causes a significant decrease in the incidence of diarrhea.

Medications :

•       Modern:

ORS and zinc tablets are the treatment of choice and have been estimated to have saved 50 million children in 25 years.

•       Traditional:

The treatment for diarrhea involves the patient consuming adequate amounts of water to replace lost, preferably mixed with electrolytes to provide essential salts and some amount of nutrients.

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