Dengue Fever ( Group 2 8D )

Group 2
Class VIII D
Members :

1. Ahmad Mirza Farhan
2. Arrauf Yusuf .B
3. Faiz Setia Rizcy .M
4. Niko Nugroho

Dengue Fever

1.       Definition

Dengue fever (DB) is an acute febrile disease caused by the dengue virus, which enters the human bloodstream through the bite of mosquitoes of the genus Aedes, such as Aedes aegypti or Aedes albopictus. There are four different types of dengue virus, but relate closely, which can cause dengue fever. Dengue virus is a virus of the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae. Of dengue fever are found in tropical and subtropical regions around the world, especially in the humid rainy season. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that each year there are 50-100 million cases of dengue infection worldwide.

2.       Symptomps

1.       Sudden high fever 2-7 days (38-40 degrees Celsius). This causes headaches in people.

2.       Fever without coughing., Abdominal pain or nausea. Body aching or pain in the joints.

3.       On examination torniquet test, it appears the larvae (puspura) bleeding.

4.       Is enlarged liver (Hepatomegaly).

5.       Blood pressure decreases, causing shock.

6.       In laboratory tests (blood) day to 3-7 a decline in platelets below 100,000  mm3 (thrombocytopenia), an increase in hematocrit values ​​above 20% of the normal value (hemoconcentration).

7.       The emergence of several clinical symptoms that accompany such as nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite (anorexia), abdominal pain, diarrhea, chills, cramps and headaches.

8.       Bleeding at the nose (nosebleeds) and gums.

9.       The fever felt sore sufferers causing complaints / pain in the joints.

10.   Emergence red spots on the skin caused by ruptured blood vessels.

3.       Incubation Period

Has a maximum incubation period of  3-15 days

4.       Duration of Sickness

Have a maximum duration of 7-14 days

5.       Healing Characteristics            

Patient's general condition improved, appetite recovered, hemodynamic (blood circulation) is stable and diuresis (urinary frequency) improved and will be back to normal. And at this time would be much better if the patient is given good nutrition to improve the situation as well as increased levels rather than platelet count.

6.       Preventive Actions
    

Environment

Prevention of dengue fever can be done by controlling the mosquito vector, among others, with the bathtub drain / water storage at least once a week, replace / drain vases and bird watering once a week, tightly closed water reservoirs, buried cans, used batteries and tires around the house, home design and improvement.

                Biological

Biologically, the vector mosquitoes carrying the dengue virus can be controlled using larvae-eating fish and bacteria.

                Chemical

Fumigation (fogging) can kill adult mosquitoes, while giving abate powder shelters in water to kill mosquito larvae. Moreover, it can also be used larvacide.

7.       Medications

               

Until now there is no specific cure for dengue fever. Many people who recover from the disease within a period of 2 weeks. Actions common treatments in patients with dengue fever is less severe body fluids (through drink or electrolyte) to prevent dehydration from fever and vomiting, consumption of medicines that contain acetaminophen (eg tilenol) to relieve pain and reduce fever and plenty of rest. Aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen and naproxen sodium can actually increase the risk of bleeding. For patients with more severe dengue, it is advisable to undergo inpatient care in hospitals, infusion and electrolytes to replace body fluids and blood transfusion because of bleeding that occurs.