TYPHOID FEVER

 Group 5 8c :

• Dwi Hasri S.
• Fathur Gunawan
• Fazriyah Mawadah
• Yulanda Ismaya

A.      Typhoid Fever

Typhoid fever is a bacterial infection of the intestinal tract and occasionally the bloodstream. It is an uncommon disease with only a handful of cases occurring in New York each year. Most of the cases are acquired during foreign travel to underdeveloped countries. Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella Typhi (S. Typhi), a strain of bacteria that lives only in humans.

B.              B.   The Germ Spread

Typhoid germs are passed in the feces and, to some extent, the urine of infected people. The germs are spread by eating or drinking water or foods contaminated by feces from the infected individual.

C.      The Symptoms of Typhoid

Ø High fever (up to 104° F).

Ø Diarrhea or constipation.

Ø Pain in abdomen.

Ø Headache.

Ø Fatigue, malaise, weakness.

Ø Non-productive cough.

Ø Slowing of heart rate (bradycardia).

Ø Anorexia.

D.     Symptoms Appear

Symptoms generally appear one to three weeks after exposure.

E.        Typhoid Treated

Specific antibiotics such as ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin are often used to treat cases of typhoid.

      F.     A Vaccine for Typhoid

A vaccine is available for people traveling to underdeveloped countries where significant exposure may occur. As important, pay strict attention to food and water precautions while traveling to countries where typhoid is common.

G.      Incubation Period

The incubation period for typhoid fever is usually 8-14 days, with a range of 3 days to 2 months depending on the infecting dose.